An Empirical Validation Study of Popular Survey Methodologies for Sensitive Questions

Publication Year
2016
Publisher
American Journal of Political Science
Abstract

When studying sensitive issues including corruption, prejudice, and sexual behavior, re- searchers have increasingly relied upon indirect questioning techniques to mitigate such known problems of direct survey questions as underreporting and nonresponse. However, there have been surprisingly few empirical validation studies of these indirect techniques, because the information required to verify the resulting estimates is often difficult to access. This paper reports findings from the first comprehensive validation study of indirect methods. We estimate whether people voted for an anti-abortion referendum held during the 2011 Mississippi General Election using direct questioning and three popular indirect methods: list experiment, endorsement experiment, and randomized response. We then validate these estimates against the official election outcome. While direct questioning leads to significant under-estimation of sensitive votes against the referendum, these survey techniques yield estimates much closer to the actual vote count, with endorsement experiment and randomized response yielding least bias.

Additional Authors

Kosuke Imai and Bryn Rosenfeld

Citation

American Journal of Political Science 60(3): 783–802

Country
Publication Type
Academic Journal Article