Africa is especially vulnerable to climate change, as millions are already experiencing record heat, extreme precipitation and rising sea levels. Increasingly, the security implications of changing weather patterns are visible in deadly land resource disputes between farmers and herders across the continent – including in the continent’s most populous country, Nigeria. Rising temperatures and erratic rainfall have intensified resource competition between farmers and herders, both shifting traditional migratory patterns and exacerbating intercommunal violence. In Nigeria, many herders are from the Fulani people, while most farmers are of other ethnicities.